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Thomas Stevens (weaver)
Thomas Stevens (1828–1888) was a 19th-century weaver from Coventry, famous for his invention of the stevengraph, a woven silk picture.
==Biography==
In the 19th century the town of Coventry, England, was the centre of a ribbon weaving industry. Thomas Stevens was born in Foleshill, just to the north of Coventry, in 1828 to a relatively poor family.〔Lynes, (n.d.).〕 Stevens worked for Pears and Franklin, a local ribbon weavers in Coventry, and by 1854 had created his own ribbon firm.〔 In 1860, however, the Cobden–Chevalier Treaty was signed; this free trade treaty introduced new competition into the industry, leading to a collapse in the local ribbon economy and a huge loss of employment in Coventry.〔''(Stevengraphs - What are they? )'', Stevengraph Collectors Association, accessed 4 October 2011.〕
Stevens had considerable experience of experimenting with the Jacquard loom and responded to the local recession by trying to develop new products. He had invented a way of using the programmable loom to weave colourful pictures from silk.〔 By 1862, Stevens could produce four different designs; he attempted to appeal to the mass market, selling his products between six pence and fifteen shillings each.〔''(Stevengraphs - What are they? )'', Stevengraph Collectors Association, accessed 4 October 2011; Lynes, (n.d.).〕 Some of these pictures were used for bookmarks, greetings cards and specialised products for the Admiralty.〔
Business boomed and Stevens acquired two larger factories in turn; by 1875 he was calling his product the "Stevengraph", named after himself.〔 He exhibited internationally in America, France and Holland, winning some 30 medals and diplomas.〔 In 1878 Stevens moved to London and began to mount his Stevengraphs as framed pictures - by the late 1880s Stevens had over 900 different designs.〔 In 1888 Stevens died following a throat operation and was buried in Coventry.〔
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